基于韧性耗散模型的损伤定量分析方法

材料的静力韧性便于工程测量,对疲劳损伤较其它宏观损伤变量更敏感。本文以材料静力韧性为宏观损伤变量,依据疲劳过程中金属材料韧性随疲劳循环加载而变化的实验结果的规律分析,得到了应力和循环数表达的损伤演化方程和损伤累积模型。该模型能较好地反映加载顺序的影响。推导出该疲劳损伤累积模型在多级加载下的递推公式。经四种金属材料疲劳试验数据验证结果表明,该模型预测疲劳寿命是较为满意的。由于疲劳试验数据分散性大,结果有待进一步验证。     

自动检测da/dN的微机系统

研制了一种da/dN自动检测系统;介绍了其工作原理和裂纹长度a及循环数N的采集方法;与传统的目测法做了对比;显示了该系统的优越性。     

缺口疲劳门槛值的实验研究

本文报告了对常用高强材料３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉＡ的双边Ｖ型缺口疲劳门槛值进行的实验测量。通过测试结果分析，证实了对不同缺口半径的试样（△Ｋ１／√Ｐ）ｔｈ基本一致的结论。     

精密角接触球轴承的固体润滑失效分析

角接触球轴承是航天器的许多重要功能的实施部件，因而对其润滑性能的要求极为严格，迫切需要弄清其润滑失效机理。因此，对ＭｏＳ２溅射膜润滑的Ｃ６２０５球轴承进行了寿命试验，进而对经过丙酮超声清洗的各元件工作面的形貌和组成作了系统分析。     

沥青混凝土面板低温疲劳破坏的实验研究

我国北方地区的土石坝和水池的防渗沥青混凝土面板,常出现低温裂缝。因此,对沥青混凝土在低温条件下的温度应力疲劳进行实验研究很有必要.本项研究研制了适用于沥青混凝土低温低周大变形的弯曲疲劳试验机,进行了沥青混凝土在不同低温下的疲劳破坏性能试验。对试验结果用粘弹性理论和推广的应变区分法(SRP)和应变能区分法(SEP)进行了分析,首次得出了沥青混凝土的疲劳寿命与弯曲应力、应变和应变能的关系,并试用于实际工程的予测.     

用升降法求95连杆疲劳极限的探讨

为了较精确地求出95连杆的疲劳极限,本文将在材料疲劳试验中应用较广的升降法推广应用于连杆,给出了用升降法求构件疲劳极限的基本过程。文中首先选取了试验的控制因素并确定了连杆的控制点(应力被选定为控制应力的点定义为控制点)。然后在四级应力水平下进行了连杆的疲劳试验,并以最大应力幅点的应力为计算应力求出了连杆的疲劳极限。     

Mechanism of Fatigue-Crack Growth under Compressive External Stresses

A specimen with a crack shaped like a thin long defect with parallel edges and a rounded tip of finite radius is considered. When the specimen is subjected to compressive cyclic loads, the stresses in zones adjacent to the crack tip vary according to a sign-variable cycle because of plastic strains occurring at the crack tip. This can cause fatigue-crack growth. Results of numerical simulations and experimental data support the possibility of fatigue-crack growth in the field of compressive external stresses. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 108–115, November–December, 2005.     

LY12铝疲劳裂纹在冲击载荷下的演化研究

对LY12铝合金在低周疲劳条件下的裂纹情况和随后进行的动态拉伸条件下裂纹的发展给予了观察和统计分析，发现裂纹的累积数密度分布在损伤演化过程中保持指数形式，用NAG模型对实验结果进行分析，得出该材料裂纹演化发展方程的各种参数。     

Can People Predict Chaotic Sequences?

Previous studies suggesting that people predict chaotic sequences better than chance have not discriminated between sensitivity to nonlinear determinism and facilitation using autocorrelation. Since prediction accuracy declines with increases in the look-ahead window in both cases, a decline in prediction accuracy does not imply chaos sensitivity. To overcome this problem, phase-randomized surrogate time series are used as a control. Such series have the same linear properties as the original chaotic sequence but contain no nonlinear determinism, i.e. chaos. In the experimental task, using a chaotic Hénon attractor, participants viewed the previous eight days temperatures and then predicted temperatures for the next four days, over 120 trials. The control group experienced a sample from a corresponding phase-randomized surrogate series. Both time series were linearly transformed to provide a realistic temperature range. A transformation of the correlation between observed and predicted values decreased over days for the chaotic time series, but remained constant and high for the surrogate series. The interaction between the days and series factors was statistically significant, suggesting that people are sensitive to chaos, even when the autocorrelation functions and power spectra of the control and experimental series are identical. Implications for the psychological assessment of individual differences in human prediction are discussed.     

给定寿命下的焊趾疲劳裂纹深度尺寸分析

本文提供并用统计方法研究了焊趾疲劳裂纹扩展的Ｎ～α曲线族，给出了联系给定裂纹尺寸下的疲劳分布，给定疲劳寿命下的裂纹尺寸分布以及随机初始条件的概率相容条件。研究表明，给定寿命下的焊趾疲劳裂纹深度尺寸α服从分布Ф［（μ（ａ）－ｌｏｇＮ）／σ（ａ）］。